Aquaponia como ferramenta na promoção do direito humano à alimentação adequada no município de São Paulo-SP

Abstract

From the socio-spatial segregation process, there was a migration from rural areas to urban areas. Due to the high cost of housing in the central areas, the lower income population has to live in extreme areas of cities, where the cost of living is lower, but is hampered by the evident social inequality and noticeable difference in the distribution of healthy food. Data from the United Nations in 2016 showed that about thirty-eight million people were subjected to food and nutritional insecurity, establishing food as the main product of social inequality. Bringing this context to the Brazilian reality, although the debate is not recent, since since 1946, Josué de Castro expressed his concern about the issue, only in 2010 Brazil inserted in the 1988 Constitution the Human Right to Adequate Food (DHAA], determining that in addition to all individuals have access to food, it must be healthy and constant. To help promote this right and sustainable development, research suggests the implementation of urban gardens using intelligent cultivation methodologies. In view of this scenario, this work proposes the insertion of aquaponics as a tool to assist the promotion of DHAA in the city of São Paulo. It is an intelligent cultivation method that integrates hydroponics with aquaculture, resulting in organic food and fish, has a high productivity rate, consumes up to 80% less water than soil cultivation and has implantation versatility. The city of São Paulo was chosen for the study, since it is the Brazilian municipality with the highest urban population rate living with the scarcity of drinking water and with the inequality in its most varied forms. The present work is based on a qualitative analysis, carried out through an exploratory, descriptive, and documentary research focusing on the themes DHAA, public policies on adequate food and aquaponics.