Repercussão da periodontite durante a gestação no desenvolvimento de asma na prole: papel dotratamento periodontal

Abstract

Oral cavity pathogens appear to play an important role systemically, facilitating and / or modulating the development of various diseases. Periodontitis (P) is considered to be a more common localized and inflammatory dental disease, caused by bacterial infection associated with dental plaque. Furthermore, it is associated with several pathological conditions, such as gingival inflammation (gingivitis), degeneration of the periodontal ligament, dental cementum and loss of alveolar bone. Clinical evidence shows an association between maternal periodontitis and adverse outcomes during pregnancy, especially preterm births and low birth weight. However, its impact on the offspring immune system has not been investigated yet. Thus, the objective of this study will be to investigate the impact of P as well as its treatment during pregnancy on the development of asthma in the offspring. To do this, we will use Wistar rats submitted to induction of P and posterior mating. Periodontal treatment will be performed by the conventional scaling technique associated with photodynamic therapy after 14 days of establishment of P. The offspring will be sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin for the induction of experimental asthma 30 days after birth. Our data showed that periodontitis has relevant impacts on the offspring's immune system, modifying the response of this system to allergic and inflammatory reactions. Thus, this study shows the impotence of oral health during pregnancy and opens possibilities for future studies in order to explain the effects of periodontitis as well as its treatment during pregnancy on offspring.