Análise dos efeitos do diodo emissor de luz (LED) no comprimento de onda 420 nm para descontaminação de lesões por pressão

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of photobiomodulation using the Light-emitting Diode (LED), operating at wavelength 420 +/- 20 nm (Violet-Blue) in pressure injury decontamination (PI). The study design was the randomized controlled trial. The application of LED (Light-emitting Diode) occurred in three groups, with different doses each. Patients older than 18 years of age, of both genders, patients with PI, stage III and IV, admitted to the Hospital Assembly of Mandaqui, located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, were eligible for the study. The sample consisted of 36 patients, 24 of whom met the inclusion criteria and were randomized into 3 treatment groups, where three different photobiomodulation dosimetry (Joules - J) were applied in each, 53J, 106J and 159J, respectively. The analysis of the results was based on the counting of Colony Forming Units (UFC), as well as characterization of the lesions using the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) and severity by the Pressure Ulcer Score Healing (PUSH) scale. The mean age of the study patients was 72 years, most of the pressure lesions were in the sacral region (70%), 62% female patients, 79% of the lesions were in the sacral region and 54% were stage III. The analysis of the results showed that the photobiomodulation of lesions at wavelengths of 420 nm to reduce contamination was not effective at the doses applied in the three study groups because, despite a slight reduction in CFU count in the time of 159J, was not statistically significant.