Efeito agudo do exercício intervalado de alta intensidade na função endotelial em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. It stands out as an important and growing health problem for many countries, regardless of their degree of development. Endothelial dysfunction is a common risk in diabetics that can lead to cardiovascular disease. Few markers of endothelial dysfunction have been studied and correlated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and physical exercise. Currently, the literature lacks studies investigating the influence of high intensity interval exercise (HIIT) with T2D and its effects on endothelial function. Objectives: We analyzed the effects of a single HIIT session on endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in T2D subjects. Methodology/ Design: We evaluated the effects of acute exercise on the endothelial function of 12 sedentary individuals with DM2. The sample consisted of 10 women and 2 men (mean age 58.08 ± 8.54 years). Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD%) of the brachial artery was evaluated before and 30 minutes after exercise. The physical training protocol was performed in treadmill and totaled 24 minutes; was composed of 5 minutes of warm-up, 14 minutes of IAI exercise (10x30) seconds with intensity 85 to 100% maximum heart rate with 1 minute of active pause between sprints), and 5 minutes of cool down. Results: A significant acute effect of exercise on endothelial function (DMF%), basal diameter (mm) and shear stress (respectively, pre-11.63 ± 5.39 and post 24.02 ± 8.70; pre 2.94 ± 0.60 and post 3.63 ± 1.10; pre 7420 (5829-9468) and post 13243 (9789-22139); p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that the IAI exercise promotes a significant alteration in the endothelial function of individuals with T2DM.