Preparo dos tecidos orofaciais envolvidos nas cirurgias de terceiros molares inferiores retidos com LED infravermelho para o controle da dor, trismo e edema: ensaio clínico, randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado

Abstract

The removal of impacted lower third molars is indicated to avoid further complications such as pericoronitis and cysts. This removal can generate unwanted events such as pain, trismus and edema. For the control of these events, the preemptive use of corticosteroids, analgesics, anti-inflammatories and physiotherapy measures are recommended. Photobiomodulation has been shown to be effective in reducing pain, edema and trismus. This study evaluates the efficacy of photobiomodulation in conditioning the tissues involved in surgeries of retained lower third molars, aiming at the reduction or absence of postoperative pain, trismus and edema. A clinical trial, randomized, double-blind, and placebo control wanted to evaluate the pain, edema, and trismus in impacted lower thirty molar third surgery on preconditioning orofacial tissues with infrared LED 850nm, 08J during 80 seconds. After facial measures and 01 hour before surgery, the treatment group (n=31) was irradiated with infrared LED, and in the sham group, a similar device without radiation was used. The participants were evaluated and receive randomized treatment on the second and seventh day after surgery. The comparison between groups demonstrated a significant reduction for pain in the photobiomodulation group on the second day after surgery in relation to the placebo group (p = 0.006, Mann-Whitney), however it showed a lack of significant difference for the assessment of trismus. The evaluation of the edema showed that after 7 days of the surgery, the facial measurements were statistically equal to the pre-surgical values. In conclusion, he demonstrated that the conditioning of the orofacial tissues involved in third molar surgeries using an infrared LED with 850nm wavelength, performed one hour before the surgical procedure, showed positive results in reducing postoperative pain.