Adoção de métodos ágeis em gerenciamento de projetos: proposição de um artefato baseado na orientação empreendedora

Abstract

Interest in agile methods (AM) has grown as they provide rapid response to customer and market needs through valuing individuals and interactions, working software, collaborating with the customer, and responding to change. In general, projects that use AM are more dynamic, requiring flexibility and entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is characterized as the application of the concept of entrepreneurship to the organization. In an environment where customers have become more demanding, with high expectations for new products and services in a short period of time, OE can help organizations survive, grow and develop. This thesis aims to propose an artifact that supports organizations in the adoption of agile methods through the relationship with concepts of the five dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation: innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness, autonomy and competitive aggressiveness. The thesis consisted of three articles following the steps of the Design Science Research method. For the problem identification and motivation step, study 1 was carried out, empirical research on the relationship between challenges of AM adoption and EO concepts, carried out through a single case study, with data collection with semi-structured interviews and data analysis procedures with content analysis. For the Objectives of a solution step, study 2 was carried out, a systematic literature review to analyze how EO and its dimensions are addressed in AM studies. The stages of Design, Demonstration, Evaluation and Communication were carried out in study 3, which enabled the development of the artifact. The artifact was developed through semi-structured interviews with 20 professionals working in AM. Demonstration and evaluation were carried out with experts in two focus groups. The artifact's proposition intends to help organizations in solving the challenges of AM adoption according to the perspective in which EO is being approached in view of the twelve AM principles. As a result, an artifact was presented to be used by professionals who adopt AM in organizations in order to contribute to solving the challenges of adopting agile methods. From the artifact, a non- patentable technological product called Entrepreneurial Agility Canvas was generated. This study is part of the PPGP-UNINOVE Project Management research line, in the context of the research project on Entrepreneurial Orientation in Organizations and Projects financed by the CNPq - National Council for Scientific and Technological Development.