Direito à cidade e a desigualdade no acesso à saúde: o caso da pandemia de COVID-19 no município de São Paulo (SP), Brasil

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic, of worldwide coverage, which had its epicenter in Wuhan, China, at the end of 2019, resulted in the deepening of inequalities and raised questions regarding the access of the world population to health services. The urbanization of the municipality of São Paulo is exclusionary and exposed its inequalities during tha pandemic, preventing citizens from adequately enjoying the the right to the city and the right to health. Official health data obtained from Public Administration services that allow an analysis of concrete situations of deprivation of rights and its territorial aspect. Objective: Analyze sociodemographic aspects and the spatial distribution of COVID-19 indicators and their relationships with socio-spatial inequalities in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Method: This is an ecological study with a qualitative-quantitative approach, elaborated with an analytical component, whose approach method is deductive. A survey, analysis and mapping of data obtained from the Municipality of São Paulo was carried out. The study is divided into two parts: the first is the theoretical and conceptual approach regarding the right to the city, the right to health and the territorial aspect of inequality, elaborated through bibliographic and documental review; the second point brings the survey and analysis of data on infections, hospitalizations and deaths from COVID-19, and the Human Development Index, and the mapping of this information into spatial analysis units that include Administrative Districts and Regional Health Coordinations of the municipality from São Paulo. Results: The territorial contrast of the municipality of São Paulo already existed, however, during the pandemic, it was possible to measure the impact on the different regions of the municipality and highlight the poor acess of citizens to the right to the city and the right to health, due to the existing inequality. Conclusion: The fight against inequality is necessary so that the right to the city and the right to health can be enjoyed. Therefore, it is necessary to put into action the legal provisions that seek to build a fairer, sustainable and healthier city through the formulation of democratic public polices committed to guaranteeing a healthy and quality life.