Avaliação de disfunção temporomandibular, contatos oclusais, impacto na saúde oral (OHIP-14) e sua relação com a Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF) em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson

Abstract

The characteristic clinical impairment in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) can cause functional changes in the stomatognathic system and the consequent development of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The TMD is related to worse perceived oral health. Aim: The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of TMD in subjects with PD from a rehabilitation center, as well as analyze the relationship between oral health and impact points of occlusal contact with the severity of motor disability presented. Method: The sample was composed of individuals of both sexes, aged between 50 and 75 years. For the first part of the study was the assessment of signs of TMD, level of functional independence and impact on oral health and 59 subjects (mean age 65.41 ± 8.77) were selected. The diagnosis of TMD was conducted by the RDC/TMD and the impact of oral health was identified by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The subjects were analyzed for level of independence through the Functional Independence Measure (FIM). For the second part of the study was to record the distribution of occlusal contacts through T-ScanIII ® software and were selected 42 subjects (mean age 61.81 ± 1.75). Results: The prevalence of TMD in the sample was 20.33% (n = 12), being more frequent in females (n =7). No statistically significant between the severity of motor symptoms and diagnosis of TMD associations were found. The impact of oral health in the sample was considered weak, but statistically significant difference was found between the groups with and without TMD on "psychological incapacity" (p = 0.003). No statistically significant associations were found between asymmetry of occlusal contacts and TMD, and no difference in the distribution of occlusal contacts between the groups with and without TMD. Conclusion: The prevalence of TMD in the sample was moderate, the impact of oral health showed statistically significant differences in psychological disability field between the groups with and without TMD. Data from this study suggest there is no relationship between temporomandibular disorder and asymmetry of occlusal contacts in patients with Parkinson's disease.