Efeito da associação do laser de baixa intensidade e do diclofenaco de sódio no processo de cicatrização em pele de ratos

Abstract

The skin is a coating tissue which undergoes permanent environmental action, often in aggressive forms, causing damage to this tissue. Generally in the repair process structural changes occur which progress to the development of a scar. In this case the tissue may present morphological changes that interfere with its mechanical properties and this repair process produces a tissue with different properties than of the original tissue. Therefore, the use of therapies that favor this repair is important to seek a better scar quality. Low-level laser therapy appears as a resource used in the modulation of the inflammatory process helping the skin repair process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of low power laser therapy and its association with the anti-inflammatory Diclofenac sodium, in the healing process of rat skin, after induction of a lesion process, morphological and biomechanical aspects were observed. Male Wistar rats between 150g to 200g, 3 months old were used. Once anesthetized, 2 lesions were performed using a surgical scalpel on the dorsal of the animal. The animals were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals: control (CTL), untreated scar (NT), scar + anti-inflammatory (DIC), scar + 3J laser (L3J) and scar + 3J laser and diclofenac sodium association (L + D). The pharmacological treatment and laser therapy were performed immediately after lesion induction and maintained daily irradiation until day 7. After 28 days, the animals were euthanized with an overdose of the same anesthetic and the tissue was immediately removed for histological analysis and traction trials. Results: The NT group showed a reduction of mechanical properties and alterations in histology analysis. Both the DIC and L3J groups showed significant improvement in mechanical properties and histological organization. The L + D group showed greater deformation when compared to the NT group. We conclude that the use of diclofenac sodium and laser therapy improves certain mechanical properties of skin in this lesion model. The combination of laser therapy with pharmacotherapy seems to change these mechanical properties. However, more studies should be conducted to understand the proportion and organization of collagen fibers or even the study of repair times superior to those used in this study.