Efeitos do treinamento resistido de alta intensidade e curta duração em idosos portadores de síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Objective: Study I: evaluation of resistance training (RT) in systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and diastolic (SAD) in relation to prehypertensive and hypertensive patients. Study II: high intensity resistance training (HIRT) and the medical inspiration (PA) and expiratory (PEmax) tests, respiratory function, impedance and resistance of blood pressure (BP) and physical programming of women with metabolic syndrome (SM) Methodology: In a second stage, an experimental study with 12 RT sessions, twice weekly and approximately 80% duration, was studied. Once the maximum speed is defined by a successive approximation. In study I, a search for articles was carried out until November 2016, using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS, BIREME and SciELO. The search strategy included the keywords: hypertension, hypertension, prehypertension, resistance exercise, strength training and weight lifting. These have been combined with a strategy of essential randomized randomized clinical trials. Results: Study I: statistically significant reductions (p <0.05) in systolic blood pressure (-8.2 mmHg, CI -10.9 to -5.5, I²: 22.5% p value for heterogeneity = 0.291 and effect size = -0.97) and diastolic blood pressure (-4.1 mmHg, CI -6.3 to -1.9, I²: 46.5% p value for heterogeneity = 0.113 and effect size = -0.60) when compared to the TR control group in prehypertensive and hypertensive nodes. Conclusion: Study I: the results of the SRT session in patients with systemic arterial hypertension and prehypertensive and hypertensive systemic arterial hypertension, especially in the elderly. Objective: Study II: To study the effects of high intensity resistance training (HIRT) on pulmonary mechanisms, respiratory muscle strength, hemodynamic responses and vasoactive factors in elderly with MS. Methodology: evaluated 23 pacemakers with metabolic syndrome of both sexes. Evaluations: Spirometry for pulmonary function; impulse oscillometry for pulmonary mansonics; manovacuometer was used for maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP); mercury sphygmomanometer for hemodynamic responses; blood samples for measurement of VEGF, relaxin-1 and 3. Intervention: HIRT was performed 2x / week for 5 weeks. The HIRT was composed of the following exercises, performed in slow intensity, 4 sets of 4-6 repetitions, with 1'30 "- 2 'rest between the exercise series. Results: HIRT did not change significantly in lung function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1 / FVC, p> 0.05). Pulmonary mechanics reduced the resistance of R5Hz (p <0.01) in the proximal airways, as demonstrated by the reduction of R20Hz (p <0.007) and impedance of the respiratory system Z5Hz (p <0.01). HIRT increased MEP (p <0.0001) and MIP (p <0.0001). Acute reduction of SBP (0.014) and PD (0.006). The chronic effect of HIRT showed no difference in SBP (p = 0.224) and DBP (p = 0.096). On the other hand, PD decreased significantly (0.026). There was a significant increase in the level of relaxin-1 (p = 0.004), relaxin-3 (p = 0.018) and VEGF (P = 0.010). Conclusion: The HIRT was benefices for some pulmonary variables, hemodynamic and increased vasoactive factors after the intervention period.