Excesso de peso em crianças entre 05 e 09 anos acompanhadas pelo Sistema de Vigilância Nutricional, dos anos de 2012 a 2019, no município de São Paulo

Abstract

In the last thirty years has taken place a process of transition in nutrition in Brazil increasing obesity and overweight. Therefore, the nutritional transition process in Brazil brought along the challenge of updating nourishment and nutrition policies and the development of the National Policy of Alimentation and Nourishment (PNAN). In this context, the Nourishment and Nutrition Vigilance System (SISVAN), it was developed as a tool to store continuous data about people’s nutritional conditions and the risk factors that influence them. This research has been developed as a quantitative ecological observational study of temporal series on children population between 05 (five) and 09 (nine) years old, residing in São Paulo’s county, between the years of 2012 and 2019, accompanied by SISVAN. The consolidated reports are public and can be accessed in the site SISVANweb. In order to analyze the data it has been tabulated the general quantitative sampling, discerning between the nutritional state and the General Health Coordination. It has been developed the descriptive statistic to characterize each year sample to ascertain overweight and obesity in the searched population. The Linear Regression analysis of overweight and obesity by each considered year has been developed by Logistic Multinomial Regression, considering the IMC as a dependent variable and the years are included as predictor variable. As result there have been an increase of children attended in every year and CRS, however, the general average remains low (CRS Centre 0,77%, CRS East 2,17%, CRS North 1,63%, CRS West 0,77%, CRS Southeast 1,04% and CRS South 1,76%) and only 50% of health care units of the county have their data registered in the SISVANweb. Concerning the prevalence average of overweight and obesity in the years of 2012 and 2019 of all regions that are near (Southwest 30,0%, South 31,3%, East 33,5%, west 33,4%, Centre 33,1% and North 33,9%). The prevalence has been found on the West, showing the highest values in the years of 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018. The Linear Regression analysis on overweight and obesity by each year studied and CRS observed a tendency of meaningful increase only in the Southeast region. It was possible to conclude that SISVAN is functional in São Paulo’s county, nevertheless it’s not fully implemented, that the overweight and obesity prevalence is within the national average, been bigger and more often in the region with highest pay grade.