Efeitos hemodinâmicos e autonômicos do laser de baixa intensidade combinado com treinamento aeróbio na osteoartrite de joelho em ratas ooforectomizadas

Abstract

The natural aging process in women is accompanied by hormonal deprivation and complications resulting from these, in specific deleterious alterations to the cardiovascular system and impairment of the locomotor system. In 2030 there will be an exponential increase in women with menopause around the world. This context is accompanied by several commitments to women´s health, among them, osteoarthritis (OA). The objective of this study was to evaluate the action of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) combined with aerobic training (AT) in the treatment of oophorectomized rats and knee OA. For this, models of menopause mimicry were used (oophorectomy) and induction of OA with papain and cysteine were used in female Wistars rats (200 to 280g) (n=38). The rats were randomized into 5 groups. Rats submitted to simulated oophorectomy surgery (pseudo-oophorectomy) and only the OA induction procedure (with vehicle without the inducing agent) Sham (SH) (n = 6); Rats submitted to bilateral oophorectomy (OF) and induction of OA (OO) (n = 8); Rats with OF + OA + low intensity laser (OL) (n = 8); Rats with OF + OA + aerobic training (OT) (n = 8); Rats with OF + OA + low intensity laser + aerobic training (OLT) (n = 8). OA was induced by 20 μl injection at the right knee intra articular junction (10ml of 4%papain and 0.03M cysteine). The groups OT and OLT were submitted to 8 week protocol of AT in moderate intensity, performed on a treadmill. The groups OL and OLT were submitted to laser low therapy. Laser low therapy was used at wavelength 685nm, 10 mW of power, energy density 2.5 J/cm2, irradiation time of 20s and area of 0.1 cm2. The animals were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the protocol. The maximal stress testwas performed at the beginning, middle and end. After 48 hours of the last treatment session, hemodynamic and autonomic data were obtained. The results showed that trained animals had a lower weight gain, as well as an improvement in functional capacity compared to sedentary groups. Also, the mean heart rate had a decrease in OT and OLT groups in relation to OO. There was no statistical difference in mean blood pressure between the groups. Improvement was observed in the autonomic system of OT and OLT groups in relation to OO, in the ALFA index. There was also a decrease in VAR PAS and BF%, which indicates less sympathetic activity for these groups. In the BF/AF ratio the OL, OT and OLT groups had a significant decrease in relation to the OO group. In this study, LBI therapy combine or not with TA induces benefits for body weight loss, physical capacity, hemodynamic and autonomic in oophorectomized rats with knee OA, decreasing the local and systemic involvement of the disease.