Fotobiomodulação em células do cordão umbilical de gestantes com pré-eclâmpsia: estudo piloto. Análise dos fatores inflamatórios

Abstract

Hypertensive disorders, including preeclampsia (PE), complicate in about 3 to 7% of pregnancies, being the main cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Brazil and worldwide. Gestational hypertension (HG) is the appearance of arterial hypertension in the second half of pregnancy and when this condition is added to proteinuria greater than 300 mg in 24-hour urine, it is possible to assure that there is a pre eclampsia (PE). A defect in the invasion of the cytotrophoblast in the endometrium causes vasoconstriction of the arterioles that reach the placenta causing a placental hypoflow, which releases in the blood several inflammatory, autoimmune and antiangiogenic factors, inducing endothelial dysfunction. Placental hypoxia determines restriction of fetal growth into the uterus. The definitive treatment of PE is childbirth. The Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) presents a power lower than 1 Watt as well as it should not raise the temperature above 1ºC into the target tissue. Some of our team's studies have demonstrated the LLLT effect in the improvement of hypertension and organ perfusion in humans, including hypertensive pregnant women and animal models, justifying our work in an attempt to establish action mechanisms for this purpose. Umbilical cord segments were collected from normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women and extracted cells from the cord vein. These cells were separated and treated with laser. Then, a right amount of TNF-α and IL6 cytokines were analyzed by ELISA assay. To evaluate the photobiomodulation effect on umbilical cord cells by pregnant women with preeclampsia were analyzing inflammatory factors. The results indicated an increase in TNF-α and a decrease in IL6 following 60 minutes of laser application. Discussion: The PBMT results on the inflammatory process can be interpreted with decreased IL 6 levels by 60 minutes post laser irradiation. The various studies analysis of our team in this research field of laser application by hypertensive individuals and pregnancy women, allows us to suggest that PBMT could be an effective weapon against hypertension, requiring more studies in this sense.