Efeito do anticolinesterásico galantamina em parâmetros metabólicos, inflamatórios e de envelhecimento, em portadores de síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined as the grouping of risk factors that alter homeostasis, having as a unifying mechanism the inflammatory process. The pathophysiology of MS is not yet fully understood, but the factors that are related to the accumulation of visceral fat and Insulin resistance (IR) are characteristic of this condition. Osteocalcin (OC) has been studied because it plays an important role in glucose metabolism. It has recently been found that treatment with Galantamine modulated the sympatho-vagal system, in addition, decreased circulating insulin levels and improved to IR, as measured by the HOMA index. Our objective was to verify the effect of this treatment on metabolic, inflammatory, and aging markers. We found that administration of Galantamine increased undercarboxylated osteocalcin (OCd) levels in the treated group (9.61 ± 6.79 vs. 11.33 ± 7.37 pg/mL) and correlated with improvement in the sympatho-vagal balance (R²= 0.075 p= 0.036), the treatment was also able to decrease sCD40L levels in the treated group (5102.92 ± 4474.54 vs 1756.06 ± 2542.07 pg/mL), decreased levels of Leptin (33.34 ± 23.1 vs 25.69 ± 18.13 ng/mL) and showed an increase in Adiponectin (8.88 ± 2.1 vs 9.77 ± 2.64 μg/mL). We demonstrated a positive correlation of klotho with OCd levels (R²= 0.100 p= 0.049). Taken together, these data demonstrate that increased cholinergic stimulation improves the metabolic, inflammatory and energetic profile in MS patients. Future studies are needed to elucidate the impact of these changes on the development of cardiovascular diseases and to consolidate cholinergic stimulation as a potential therapeutic target in MS.