Efeitos de diferentes estratégias de recuperação pós-exercício em atletas de crossfit: ensaio clínico, cruzado, randomizado, controlado e cego

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Crossfit® is a high-intensity exercise modality whose most intense part of the training and championship contains the WOD (workout of the day) that can lead to muscle fatigue and propensity to decrease performance. In some sports, in order to minimize such consequences, therapeutic devices have been used to accelerate muscle recovery or modulate the damage caused after strenuous exercise, such as: photobiomodulation therapy with static magnetic field (PBMT-sMF), wave therapy extracorporeal shock (ESWT) and the intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) boot. However, it is not known which is the best resource to promote faster and more efficient muscle recovery in Crossfit athletes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the effects of three different therapeutic resources: PBMT-sMF, ESWT and IPC in the recovery of muscle fatigue in Crossfit® athletes. METHODS: A randomized, controlled, crossover, blinded clinical trial was conducted. With the voluntary participation of 12 male Crossfit® athletes aged 18 to 36 years, who were randomly distributed according to the cross order of the types of treatment (PBMT-sMF, ESWT, IPC and control/passive recovery) to be received in the 4 weeks of procedure. Muscle recovery was evaluated before any intervention (baseline), 1h, 24h and 48h after performing the WOD to induce fatigue. The evaluations consisted of the primary outcome: Air squat functional test, which consists of performing squats for 1 minute; and secondary outcomes: rating of perceived exertion (RPE) measured by the CR-100 scale, physiological variables through the analysis of the biomarker of muscle damage through the analysis of creatine kinase (CK) and degree of satisfaction with the therapy through the LIKERT 5-point scale. Parametric data by Kolmogorov-Smirnov p<0.05. In the Air Squat functional test, the PBMT-sMF presented a statistically significant difference in percentage values in relation to the passive recovery intervention, ESWT and IPC (p<0.05). In the percentage variation of CK activity, the PBMT-sMF presented a statistically significant difference in percentage values in relation to the passive recovery intervention, ESWT and IPC (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Comparing the therapeutic resources ESWT, IPC and passive recovery, PBMT-sMF proved to be more efficient in recovering signs of muscle fatigue after strenuous exercise in Crossfit® athletes.