Efeitos dos exercícios terapêuticos na catastrofização, cinesiofobia, autoeficácia e medo-evitação em indivíduos com osteoartrite do joelho: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) has a significant impact on quality of life, as it can lead to functional limitations that worsen the disease, resulting in muscle weakness and depression. Other variables involved in the process of chronic pain include catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and fear-avoidance. Objective: To investigate, through a systematic review, the effects of therapeutic exercises on catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and fear-avoidance in individuals with KOA. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, PEDro, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus. The search, screening, data extraction, and study evaluation, using the PEDro, TIDIER, and i-CONTENT scales, were carried out by two independent reviewers. Results: A total of 3,239 studies were evaluated; however, according to the inclusion criteria, seven studies were included in the analysis. Five studies assessed catastrophizing, two studies assessed kinesiophobia, and two studies assessed self-efficacy. Among the seven studies, only two evaluated two variables in the same study, with catastrophizing being the common variable. Conclusion: This review included only seven studies, and there was heterogeneity among them. Therefore, the effects of therapeutic exercises on catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and fear-avoidance in individuals with KOA remain inconclusive. High-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to provide significant information on this topic. However, the results of the present review suggest that, regardless of the type of exercise and follow-up time, there may be clinical effects on the analyzed variables.