Eficácia e segurança da fotobiomodulação no tratamento de lesão por pressão não infectada em pacientes adultos: revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos

Abstract

Pressure injuries (PPL) are considered a public health problem, causing damage and compromising the safety of hospitalized patients. Some studies show that photobiomodulation, when applied to skin wounds, can promote anti-inflammatory action and wound revascularization, accelerating the repair process. However, the quality of evidence on this topic is not sufficiently explored. Objective: To assess whether photobiomodulation is an effective and safe treatment for uninfected PUs in adults. Method: A systematic review was developed following the methodological recommendations of the Cochrane Manual for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the PRISMA guidelines. A broad and sensitive search for randomized clinical trials on pressure injury treatments was con ducted in major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, LILACS, CINAHL, ICTRP, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO, and DANS Easy). Results. The initial search raised 268 articles, after reading the abstracts they were selected clinical trials, resulting in 19 works. After reading in of the 19 selected articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis those who met the inclusion criteria of patients who presented photobiomodulation as a therapy for pressure injuries and a group control. Following these criteria, 04 clinical trials were included. A statistically significant difference was observed between the laser-treated group and the conventional group, the total RR was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.47-0.84). The meta-analysis showed that the groups treated with laser had a greater probability of lesion wound healing when compared to conventional dressing. Registration number: CRD42023412304 (PROSPERO)