Uso da fotobiomodulação domiciliar na reabilitação de pacientes crônicos portadores de incapacidade: revisão sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction: sensorimotor impairments such as osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, lymphedema or neurological sequelae can produce chronic impairments and/or disabilities and reflect the main sequelae of chronic and/or degenerative diseases that require specialist careand rehabilitation to improve the quality of life of these patients. Home treatment could reduce costs, improve satisfactory results and improve the quality of life of the population. Objectives: to discuss whether home photobiomodulation (PBM) is a safe and effective technique in the treatment of patients with disabilities arising from chronic physical disabilities. Methods: This is a PRISMA review registered on the Próspero Platform (CRD42022326588) that searched databases such as PUBMED, LILACS, EMBASE, INHATA, and Proquest, among others, in English, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish. Results: 9 RCTs, 01 case-control study, 16 case reports and 1 systematic review were included to extract their results. Quality analysis was performed using the RoB2 tool for RCTs and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical assessment tools. The highest quality studies found positive results for the outcomes of pain, wound healing, and improvement in cognitive functions. For each of the outcomes, different parameters were presented, but all used laser or LED light emitting diodes in the red or near infrared range with dosages within the WALT recommendations. Regarding efficacy, in 25 clinical studies and in the systematic review favorable results were found for PBM, and in 19 studies the therapy was self-applied by the patients themselves. No serious side effects were evidenced. Conclusion: Home-use PBM devices are effective and safe treatments for a variety of disabling chronic medical conditions and could be add to rehabilitation therapies.