Efeito da terapia por fotobiomodulação associada a material compósito de carbono e óxido de grafeno impregnado com nanopartículas de prata no controle do crescimento bacteriano e na viabilidade de osteoblastos

Abstract

Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory process of infectious origin that affects bone tissue, impacting the physical, emotional, social, and economic aspects of a patient’s life. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) is a non-invasive treatment approach applied to osteoarticular diseases, providing anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and cellular activity-modulating effects. Carbon-based biomaterials possess important characteristics for cellular growth, while silver nanoparticles are known for their antimicrobial effect. Objective: To evaluate the effect of PBM on the cellular growth of osteoblasts or the bacterial growth of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) cultured on a carbon/graphene composite material impregnated with silver nanoparticles (CAGONP). Methods: The adsorption capacity of the carbon material in a silver nanoparticle solution (81 ppm) was analyzed. Subsequently, the CAGONP was used in microbiological studies with S. aureus and cellular studies with osteoblasts. In the microbiological study, S. aureus was cultured on the CAGONP and irradiated with blue LED (400 nm; 106 J/cm²; 353 mW/cm²), and bacterial growth was evaluated on agar plates and in BHI medium solution. In the cellular study, osteoblasts were cultured on the CAGONP and irradiated with blue LED under the same parameters as above. Results: The carbon and graphene oxide composite material exhibited significant adsorption capacity in the silver nanoparticle solution. The CAGONP demonstrated reduced S. aureus growth when irradiated with blue LED. Osteoblasts maintained their cellular viability when cultured on irradiated CAGONP. Conclusion: CAGONP irradiated with blue LED (400 nm; 106 J/cm²; 353 mW/cm²) controls S. aureus growth without compromising the viability of bone cells.