Repercussão da inflamação intestinal na homeostasia pulmonar: papel da fotobiomodulação

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic and multifactorial diseases characterized by dysfunction of the intestinal mucosa and compromised immune response. The complex bidirectional communication system existing between the intestinal and pulmonary pathways is related to the fundamental role of the intestinal microbiota in supporting local and systemic homeostasis. Considerable progress has been made in IBD therapy, but drugs trigger contractual side effects and thus new therapies are allowed, thus photobiomodulation (FBM) emerges as an adjunctive therapy, showing good results in IBD. Thus, we evaluated the influence of intestinal inflammation on lung homeostasis and the role of FBM as a treatment. To this end, 54 male Wistar rats, divided into three groups: Basal, Colitis, Colitis + FBM, were subjected to IBD induction with 10% acetic acid. 48 hours after colitis induction, the rats were treated for three consecutive days with red LED with a wavelength of 660 nm. Sample data were subjected to analysis of variance followed by Student Newman-Keuls post-test. Our considered results were with values of P<0.05. It was found that FBM impaired the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity score in intestinal tissue, impairing the disease activity index and reducing the migration of inflammatory cells to the intestinal mucosa. It proves the alteration of pulmonary hemostasis to verify the activity of MPO in the lung tissue, the migration of inflammatory cells into the circulation, the induction of activation of pulmonary mast cells with extrusion mixtures, elevated levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF- α in lung tissue and elevated gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. The role of FBM in the lung parenchyma in reducing pulmonary MPO activity, reducing pulmonary mast cell degranulation, reversing the elevation of cytokines and gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was also observed. New studies that investigate the role of FBM in IBD, by proving the link between the intestine-transport axis, are important to identify new approaches, such as translational, benefiting evidence from basic research for clinical protocols.