Avaliação dos efeitos da terapia de fotobiomodulação e magnetoterapia no tecido ósseo e gengival como tratamento adjuvante na osteonecrose de mandíbula induzida pelo uso de bisfosfonatos em modelo animal

Abstract

Bisphosphonates are medications that inhibit bone reabsorption, used to treat bone metastasis, metabolism diseases such as osteoporosis, and even cases of osteopenia. Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) is an adverse side effect of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic medications with mutilating complications, compromising the quality of life of these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory response and mechanisms of action of Photobiomodulation and Magnetotherapy, as adjuvant in MRONJ, caused in animals. Methods: 77 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into 5 groups, consisting of a control group without osteonecrosis and the others combining gold standard surgical treatment, with adjuvant Low Level Laser Therapy and/or Pulsed eletromagnetic therapy. Assessments were completed through histopathological analysis and cell counting. The statistical analysis of results demonstrated that the equipment use of the equipment had better effect, the Laser Group determined superior results in the gingival tissue and both the Laser Group. The Magnetotherapy Group exhibited greater bone activity, favoring the necrotic region ossification. Then, it was possible to conclud that the action of the energy based devices were more efficient to decrease the inflammation process and repairing necrotic tissues as well as speeding up the region damage by bone recovering through these technological accessories.