Segurança operacional e aeronaves não tripuladas: identificação de perigos relacionados a atividade de controle de tráfego aéreo resultantes da introdução dos drones na circulação aérea

Abstract

In recent years, there has been an increase in activities related to unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), and the implementation of this new ecosystem has introduced new hazards associated with these activities, particularly impacting the operational safety of air traffic, especially in areas near airports. These activities cause not only operational risks but also disruptions in the flow of aircraft. With the creation of airspace for the management of unmanned air traffic, there is a need to integrate this new airspace with the existing airspace currently used by manned aircraft, raising the possibility of problems arising from this integration. Thus, the necessity for a method to guide the identification of hazards generated for air traffic control activities and for implementing necessary mitigating measures due to the integration of unmanned aerial vehicles into air circulation was recognized. This work aims to propose a framework for identifying hazards generated to ensure a transparent and safe transition process after identifying and addressing the hazards associated with the change. The method consisted of consulting air traffic operational safety experts through a form that presented the hazards evidenced by the literature related to the integration of new airspace concepts within air traffic control activities. The results were organized into the proposed framework, which establishes a guide for risk management activities concerning the implementation of change, organizing the identified hazards. The resulting structure was presented again to the experts and validated based on the Delphi method. The contribution to society is a guide that was presented, not only for this process, but also for future implementations. For literature, an existing research gap was filled, and knowledge was added to the scientific process.