Políticas públicas de alimentação escolar e sua influência na cultura alimentar e na concepção de alimentação dos educadores da rede municipal de ensino de São Paulo: análise histórica

Abstract

This research proposes a historical analysis of public policies (educational and school meals) existing in the country. The general objective is to investigate public educational policies on school meals and their relationship with food culture and the conception of healthy eating of educators from the São Paulo Municipal Education Network. The specific objectives are the following: analyze the history of public education related to school feeding from a documentary perspective; verify changes in the structure, organization and guidelines of public education/school meals; identify public policies and school food and nutrition programs that contributed to the advancement of healthy eating among Early Childhood Education students; to understand the conceptions about nutrition of educators from the Municipal Education Network of São Paulo and how it affects the educational training of their students. The research will use qualitative and quantitative data obtained through documentary analysis with a historical survey of the legal provisions that underlie educational and school food policies, and data from interviews with educators, in order to identify the eating culture and the educators' conception of healthy eating. Based on the results found in this research, the aim is to strengthen the School Food Program of the Municipality of São Paulo, as well as improve and promote Education and Nutritional Food actions. The research assumes the importance of educating about healthy eating habits, starting from childhood. From a historical perspective, the research presents the history of public policies and practices related to school feeding in light of possibilities for improving educational approaches that aim to promote adequate and healthy eating from childhood, with the school as a suitable place for Education Food and Nutritional (EAN). In this context, the research problem arises in the form of the following question: what are the public policies on school feeding and their relationship with food culture and the conception of healthy eating of RME-SP educators? The hypothesis that public school feeding policies, throughout their history, have the capacity to shape the theoretical-practical aspects of feeding in schools, supports the understanding that the school institution constitutes a space conducive to the formation of new habits, although it must take into account the cultural plurality of students and educators. Another research hypothesis states that the development of public policies and the appropriate targeting of EAN in the school curriculum have an important impact on school practices and attitudes regarding food.