Custos de transação e empresas ambientalmente responsáveis

Abstract

The development, in the middle of the twentieth century, of the transaction cost theory represented a revolution in Economics as its caused an overcome on the traditional Paretian economical equation, in which externalities and any question different from the commercialized good were irrelevant in fixing the transaction‘s final price. The Transaction Cost Theory enabled economists to comprehend the existence of several new parameters based on risk and uncertainty, which can be increased or decreased depending on the commercial and legal structures used to enforce the contract. In early twenty-first century, however, a review of the Transaction Cost Theory is necessary, in order to make it contemplate the economic agents‘ environmental responsibility, since it is both sanctioned by law and informal market rules (including, here, the other economic agents and the consumers by themselves), as it happens with ESG Standard. Consequently, it is necessary to analyse the necessity and legal viability to include environmental responsibility as a transaction cost – which, as this thesis aims to show, now only is possible, but essential to assure proper comprehension of the juridical and economical panorama of the contemporary enterprise.